How to choose a router

What does a router tool do?

A router power tool uses a rapidly rotating collet (a segmented band or sleeve) to hold sharp, interchangeable bits that extend through the tool’s base aperture. There are two basic varieties: a plunge router and a trim (sometimes called a ‘trimmer’) or fixed-base router.

Router bits normally come in shank diameters of ¼ inch, ⅜ inch and ½ inch, corresponding to collets of the same size. When buying new bits, check for a match between the shank size and your router’s collet.

Safety tip: Always wear the appropriate safety equipment (safety glasses, gloves, ear muffs and a mask, for example) and always follow the instructions for the product or equipment.

Features of a plunge router

A plunge router has a base with spring-loaded posts that let you lower or ‘plunge’ the bit down into contact with the workpiece from a raised position. Its two handles ensure the tool can be firmly grasped using both hands, with the power switch easily accessible.

The controls on the base of a plunge router include a depth stop that allows you to set the maximum depth to which the bit can descend. A plunge lock mechanism, often operated by a quick-release lever, is used to lock the tool in the lowered position, with the bit engaging your workpiece.

What are trim routers used for?

Trim routers have a simpler base, with a sleeve for depth adjustment that can’t be varied while the motor is running. They are valuable for many tasks, ranging from carving a decorative edge profile around a tabletop to cutting repeated shapes from a template. Features of a trim router tool include its compact size and lighter weight, as well as the option of cordless operation.

Match your router tool to your needs

While basic accessories such as guide bushes and a side fence are common to most routers, optional extras may be bundled with the tool or sold separately. It’s worth comparing the features offered by different brands and models, as details vary widely.

For example, a dust collection attachment is included with some routers, while other kits have a plunge mounting for a trim router. Also, while a ¼ inch collet will usually come with your tool, some brands also include a ⅜ inch collet or a ½ inch variant.

Matching the router to your requirements might seem obvious, but design features vary considerably. For example, not all routers feature a variable dial that controls motor speed, while some include a trimming guide as a standard accessory rather than an item that must be purchased separately.

The ‘best’ router tool will be different for everyone, depending on what you want to use it for. If you need to cut deep recesses, then plunge depth will be a higher priority than dust extraction. For another D.I.Y.-er, a vacuum port might be a make-or-break feature.

If you’re only planning to trim laminate, then you might not even need a plunge router – a cheap trimmer should be adequate. On the other hand, if you regularly plunge wood to shape objects (ornamental bowls, for example), a tool with a comfortable handle configuration will be a better option.

Corded or cordless router?

Full-size plunge routers most commonly use mains power, although some cordless models are available. Trim routers, on the other hand, are frequently sold in cordless format. For small to midsize plunge routing jobs, some cordless trim routers are sold with a plunge mounting conversion kit.

Choose the right accessories

Check out our guide on how to choose accessories for your router.

Photo Credit: James Moffatt, Dremel