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How to build a pergola frame

Person using circular saw to cut through pergola frame piece.

Overview

We'll show you how to put up a sturdy pergola, from digging the holes, to framing the structure and installing the rafters. We'll show you how to do it safely, so it's all squared off and built to last.

Steps

1Prepare your post holes

Dig the holes in the ground for your posts, following the approved plans. Then place the post stirrups into the middle of the hole. Now fill up the hole with concrete to the base of the post stirrup, about 50–60mm below the stirrup top. Repeat the process for all of the posts and wait for the concrete to dry.
Person using measuring tape to determine how big the hole is they just dug.

2Cut and install the waling plate

Measure and cut the waling plate to size, which will be connected to the fascia. Get someone else to help you fix the plate into position on your fascia with nails and screws. Use large bugle screws to screw through the fascia into the house rafters to give you maximum support.
Person nailing pergola frame to roof.

3Make a profile cut for your rafters

Create a template of your gutter profile and use this to cut the ends for all of your rafters. This way the rafters will fit neatly against your gutters. Use a jigsaw to make the cut cleanly. Coat the raw timber where you have cut with a primer to protect the wood. Your rafters are now ready to be installed.   
Person using cardboard to trace shape needed for pergola frame.

4Preparing the upright post

To make sure the post supports the rafter weight, measure and make a precise cut out of the size of the rafter within the post. Use your circular saw and hand saw to make the cuts, but don't overcut them or you could weaken the post. Next measure the distance between the stirrup and the rafter and cut the post to length with your circular saw. Place the post in the stirrup, and use the spirit level to make sure it is straight. Then bolt the post into the stirrup. Temporarily brace the post while you measure, cut and bolt the other posts in. 
Person using circular saw to cut through pergola frame piece.

5Attach external beams and rafters

Once you have put all the posts in, you're ready to put up the external beam. Secure it to the framework with extra screws to hold the rafters in place. Add a length of wood, called a cleat, underneath your outside beams to hold the rafters in place. Attach the ends of the rafters to the beams using large bugle screws. You'll also need to use a universal bracket on each side of the rafter and the waling plate, with proprietary nails for added strength. Take the cleat off and your pergola is ready to paint and finish.
Person drilling extra piece of timber in pergola frame.
Health & Safety

Asbestos, lead-based paints and copper chromium arsenic (CCA) treated timber are health hazards you need to look out for when renovating older homes. These substances can easily be disturbed when renovating and exposure to them can cause a range of life-threatening diseases and conditions including cancer. For information on the dangers of asbestos, lead-based paint and CCA treated timber and tips for dealing with these materials contact your local council's Environmental Health Officer or visit our Health & Safety page.

When following our advice in our D.I.Y. videos, make sure you use all equipment, including PPE, safely by following the manufacturer’s instructions. Check that the equipment is suitable for the task and that PPE fits properly. If you are unsure, hire an expert to do the job or talk to a Bunnings Team Member.